Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.
Tughra bagi Sultan Mahmud II dari Empayar Uthmaniyyah. Ia ditulis Mahmud Khan bin Abdülhamid adalah selamanya menang. Atau ditulis:
- محمود خان بن عبدالحميد مظفر دائماً
- محمود خان بن عبدالحميد مظفر دائماً
Tughra (Turki Uthmaniyyah: طغراء; Ṭuğrā) adalah sejenis monogram, mohor atau tandatangan khat seorang Sultan Uthmaniyyah yang dibubuh pada kesemua dokumen dan surat-menyurat rasmi. Ia juga diukir pada cop mohor sultan dan dicop pada wang syiling yang dikeluarkan semasa pemerintahan. Lambang yang seringkali berwarna-warni ini menggabungkan nama dan gelaran sultan terbabit.
Tughra telah direka semasa permulaan pemerintahan sultan dan dilukis oleh ahli kaligrafi istana atau nişancı pada dokumen bertulis. Tughra pertama dimiliki oleh Orhan I (1284-1359), pemerintah kedua dari Empayar Uthmaniyyah dan berevolusi sehingga mencapai bentuk klasik tughra Sultan Sulaiman al-Qanuni (1494-1566).[1]
Tughra digunakan bagi tujuan yang sama seperti cartouche semasa zaman Mesir purba atau Cypher Diraja dari raja Britain. Setiap sultan Uthmaniyyah memiliki tughra mereka sendiri.
sumber: Wikipedia..
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